Window.



No. 650,356. Patented May 22, I900.

J. HORSFIELD.

WINDOW.

(Application filed May 29, 1899.) 6 0 3 Sheats Shaet l.

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No. 650,356. Patented May 22, I900.

' J. HORSFIE LD.

WINDOW.

(Application Bled m 29, 1899.) @140 Model.) I a Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 650,356. Pa tented m 22, I900.

.1. HORSFIELD.

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(Application flied May 29, 1899.)

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' UNrrEn STATES PATENT FFICE.

.IOIIN IIORSFIELD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN 'A. KNISELY, OF SAME PLACE.

WINDOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 650,356, dated May 22, 1900. Application filed May 29, 1899. Serial No. 718,660. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be itknown that 1, JOHN HORSFIELD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Windows, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates, primarily, to the construction of sash-frames and window-casings IQ of metal and it consists in tubular sashframes of sheet metal having seats for the lights and sockets along said seats for the reception of securing-clips; in tubular sashframes of sheet metal inset to afford cordchannels and seats for the lights and with an infold forming a slit or socket for the reception of clips to secure the lights in their seats; in yielding spring-pressed jambs or pulleystiles for the window-casing urged normally against the sashes by the force of their springs; in metallic jambs struck up out of sheet metal to afford slideways for the sash-frames; in yielding spring-pressed metallic jambs having longitudinally beveled slideways combined with sashes having correspondingly- -beveled side rails, whereby the sash may be sprung in and out of the casing; in a com-. bined sliding and swinging sash; in combin-' ing with a French or swinging sash yield- 0 ing grooved janibs embracing its side rails; in combining with a swinging sash having longitudinally-beveled side rails yielding spring-pressed jambs therefor having slide- Ways with corresponding bevels; in combin- 3 5 ing with a pivot-borne sliding sash and with jambs therefor, which admit its being swung,

upon its pivotal supports, sash-weights connected to and sustaining said pivots; in combining with a sliding sash and pivots upon which it may be swung as a French sash or casement yielding jambs or pulley-stiles for said sash, sash-weights connected by cords or equivalent flexible ties to the inner ends of said pivots adjacent to the jambs and supporting thein, and means whereby saidpivots may be pushed inward against the jambs to press the latter away from engagement with the sash and clear the weight-cords from the cord-channels in the side rails thereof; in combi nin g with a swinging sash or shutter a spring for urging it sh nt, a tie or connection for-bolding said spring open, and a safety-fuse in said connection, whereby said sash will be automatically closed at a temperature sufficient to melt the fuse; in combining with elastically-yielding grooved jambs and a swinging sash sustained by pivots in the grooves thereof and capable of being swung on said pivots and opened out of the grooves a spring arranged to force the sash into engagement with said janibs, a tie or connection for holding the spring against action, and a safety-fuse in said connection, and in various other combinations and details of construction hereinafter-described, and pointed outin the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a window jamb and easing constructed according to my invention, the metallic sill being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the casing and j amb and part of two sashes with their lights. Fig. 3 is a detail explaining the action of the check-pins which limit the outward play of the jambs. Fig. 4 is a front elevation, partly in section, showing the combined sliding and 7.5 swinging sash in position for sliding and the manner in which it is supported by the sashweight-s. Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section through the parts represented in Fig. 4 with the sash swungupon its pivots to an open position. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail showing means for moving the sash-pivots longitudinally and throwing the weight-cords out of the cord-channels in the side rail; Fig. 7,

a vertical transverse section, on a reduced scale, illustrating the application of the spring and safety-fuse, together with certain modifications; Fig. 8, a horizontal section, enlarged, through part of the foregoing figure; and Fig. 9, a detail of the angle-iron for the 0 corner-seams of the sash.

A represents a portion of the wall in which the window is set, and B is a window-sill formed of sheet metal, practically in the outline shown, with weather-ledge B at the in- 5 ner side and with the shelf B reinforced by a backing B of wood or other suitable material. Set into the wall as a part of the permanent casing is the box or well 0 for the weights 0, also formed of sheet metal suit-ably folded to afford an anchor for building into the wall and a proper reveal for the casing. In the present instance the box is shown as constructed of two sheets of metal, one of which, 0 is bent and folded to present the inner wall 0 with its projecting flange or lip 01;, the farther wall 0', the back 0 the anchor 0 the reveal c and the flange 0 the other, 0 being a fiat plate with lateral flanges c, riveted or otherwise secured to the aforesaid projecting lip and flange of the first. The connection between the two sheets or plates may be stiffened and strengthened by a backing 0 extending from the Wall of the reveal to the inner wall of the box, as shown. Through the plate 0 is cut an opening 0 to give access to the weights, and keepers c secured to the plate along the vertical edges of this opening, receive a slide or gate 0 whereby it may be closed. The weightboxes may be united overhead by a tubular lintel C of sheet metal, completing the permanent casing.

Thejambs or pulley-stiles D are each formed of a single plate of sheet metal extending from the "sill to the lintel and having longitudinal side fiangesd, which telescope over the guides afforded by the lip and flanges of the weightbox, these being made of double thickness, as hereinbefore explained, to stifien them sufficiently to serve as guides and supports for thejambs. Between the flanges the jambplates are bent or struck up to form grooves or slideways D for the reception of the side rails of the sash-frames. Along the plane surfaces'between each groove and the adjacent fiange it is advisable to apply a vertical backing and bracing slat D to the jambplate, and in case there should be more than one groove in a jamb, as in the construction shown in Fig. 2, a similar backing-slat D may beneficially be placed between adjacent grooves. The jambs are pressed outward toward the sash-frames to make close engagement therewith by suitable springs-for instance, by coiled springs cl encircling steadypins 61 which are attached at their outer ends to the jambs and their backing-slats and at their inner ends play through guideapertures in the wall of the weight box. Whe'rethe' jamb is of considerable width, as when it has two slideways, curved plate- "sp'r'i'ngs (2 secured to the central backing- -slat and pressing against the box-wall, may also be employed, especially to bridge the door through said wall. To limit the extent to which the jambs may be forced outward by the springs, headed stop-pins d are passed through suitable apertures therein and detachably secured to the casing or box-wall, -so that the jambs may yield away from their heads, but will be stayed by them against "outward movement beyond a certain point. -W'hen the stop-pins are detached, the jambs can be removed'bodily from the remainder of the window-frame.

To facilitate the springing of the sashframes into the jambs and also "to obviate any danger of binding, the side walls of the grooves or slideways are longitudinally beveled, as at (F, and the side rails of the sashframes are correspondingly beveled, of Whatever material they may be. This construction further enables me to combine in one structure the features of a sliding sash and of a casement or French sash, as will now be explained.

Through the lateral rails E of the sashframe are passed pivot-pins E, and at their inner ends adjacent to the jambs these pins are connected to the weight-cords or other flexible ties E either directly or by the interposition of an eyebolt E so that the sash frame is supported by the weights through said pivot-pins and can be slid up and down in the grooved jambs in the ordinary Way, butby forcing thejambs back on their springs can be swung on its pivots and opened as a casement, the beveled grooves permitting such forcing apart and swinging when sufficient power is applied. In order, however, to relieve the sash-frame to some extent or entirely of torsional strain incidental to such wedging apart of the jambs and also for the purpose of throwing the sustaining-cords out of the cord-channels in the lateral rails, I propose to make the pivot-pins longitudinally movable, as indicated in Fig. 6, and provide means whereby they may be forced inward against the jambs, carrying the cords with them. Simple and effective means to this end consist in the cam-levers E pivoted in the brackets E and having their eccentrics e in contact with the outer ends-of the pivotpins, so that by pushing down upon the levers their corresponding pivotpins are projected against the jambs, carrying the cords out of the channels and forcing the jambs away from the sash-frame.

Instead of making the sash to slide as well as swing it maybe combined with the yielding jambs, so as to operate as a casementsash only. In this event the upper sash may be fixed, as shown in Fig. 7, and have a depending stop-flangefon the outer side of its meeting-rail, and the lower sash may be'pivoted either upon the before-mentioned movable pivot-pins or upon fixed bolts E anchored in the casing and passing freely through the jambs. As such a construction will be practically air-tight when the sash is closed, owing to the closeengagement of the jambs, I propose to take advantage of it to dampen or smother fires breaking out in the apartment when the sash is open or as a safeguard against fires in adjoining buildings or across an alley by means of a spring that when free urges the sash to a closed position and locating a meltable fuse in such manner that when destroyed by abnormal rise of temperature it sets the spring free to act. he sash in the present instance may stand as a generic exponent of any hinged door or shutter closing a ventilating-opening of thenature of a window or doorway. The

spr n g G may be an ordinary gate-spring'fixed to and coiled about a suitable pin projecting from the jamb or permanent casing and having an arm g extending into position to act upon the adjacent side rail of the sash. Preferably this arm is not in constant con tact with the sash, but is held out of engagement therewith in such manner as to stop or serve as a bracket for the support of the opened sash by a chain, strap, or other tie G, including a meltable fuse g which instead of being hooked or otherwise fastened to the sash is directly connected to the end of said spring-arm and ties it to the sill or any other convenient fixed point. As thus arranged this safety device will remain normally set for action and the labor of forcing the spring back and connecting the tie each time the sash is opened will be avoided; but it will be understood in regard to this safety device that my invention is not limited to the bracketing feature nor to its employment with spring-pressed or movable jambs.

In constructing the sash-frames according to that feature of my improvements relating thereto they may each be made of a single integral cadre of sheet-metal struck up and folded into the outlines shown, so as to have an unbroken back with welded, brazed, or riveted seams along the salient and reentrant corner-angles h h; but as this will involve large waste of metal it is advisable to make each rail by itself and unite the four in any suitable way at the corners, as by brazing or riveting, preferably the latter. Particularly describing the construction in this manner, the side rails E are formed of a single strip of metal stamped and bent into the outline indicated in Fig. 2 to present the bevels 7c, the cord-channel 7a, and the seat 7& for the light K or window-pane. In order to secure the pane in its seat a socket or sockets k may also be provided by a double or reentering fold of the metal alongside said seat. Into these sockets are wedged or sprung clips k*, of metal, preferably cotter'like in cross-section, so as to hold by elastic grip. The socket may be parallel with the pane, as in Fig. 2, or it may be oblique thereto, as in Fig. 8, in which latter case the head of the clip or clips will be bent down into contact with the pane. The edges of the strip will be united along any suitable line or angle by welding, riveting, or brazing,'or they may be overlapped or interlocked at it along the base or sideof the cord-channel and riveted together, thereby serving also to stiffen the rail. When the sash is to be used as a casement only, the cord-channel may, as indicated in Fig. 8, be omitted.

The top rail L diifers from the side rails in that while it has the seat 7" for the light it does not have the cord-channel or bevels, but should have the clip socket or sockets. A pull-down socket may be impressed or stamped as a bulge in the rear or, inner wall thereof, but otherwise it will have the crosscontour suited to its position. The lower rail I] is like the upper rail, except that it has an inclined base to fit the sill, and instead of a pull-down socket has inbulging lifting-sockets 7r, stamped in the substance of its inner wall. In fitting the rails together angle irons M may be underlaid at the corner-seams and the whole united by riveting through said angle-irons.

It will be evident from the foregoing description that as regards the yielding or opening of the jambs and certain other features my invention is not limited to the material employed in construction and that in other respects details may be greatly departed from without avoiding the spirit of said invention.

I claim- V 1. In a window, a tubular sash-frame of sheet metal stamped and bent to form a seat for the light and sockets along said seat for the reception of securing-clips.

2. In a window, a tubular sash-frame of sheet metal stamped and bent to afiord insetting cord-channels along the side rails beveled portions on each side of said channels and a seat for the light.

3. Ina window, a tubular sash-frame of sheet metal stamped and bent to form insetting cord-channels along the side rails, a seat. for the light and sockets along said seat for the reception of securing-clips.

4. In a window, a tubular sash-frame of sheet metal stamped-and bent to form insetting cord-channels along the side rails, a seat for the light, and with an infold forming a slit or socket for the reception of securingclips.

5. In a window, the combination with the sash, of a yielding jamb or pulley-stile urged normally against the sash by the force of springs.

6. In a window, the combination with the sash, of yielding metallic jambs or pulleystiles urged normally toward each other and against the sash by springs.

7. In a window, the combination with the sash having beveled side rails, of a yielding spring-pressed jainb or jambs having conversely-beveled grooves.

S. In a window, a combined vertically-sliding sash and horizontally-movable casing or jamb.

9. In a window, the combination with a sash pivoted to swing as acasement, of grooved jambs engaging said sash, and adapted to slide horizontally therefrom to permit it to be swung.

10. In a window, the combination with a sash mounted on horizontal pivots to swing as a casement, of horizontally-movable grooved j ambs spring-pressed toward said sash, whereby the sash is held in any desired position when open and a close fit secured when closed.

11. In a window, the combination with a pivoted sash having beveled side rails, of yielding spring-pressed jambs having conversely-beveled grooves.

12. In a window,the combination ofa weightborne sash, pivots upon which it is supported, grooved jambs in which it slides, and means whereby said jambs may be opened to permit it to be swung on its pivots.

13. In a window,the combination of a weightborne sash, pivots upon which it is supported, elastically-yielding grooved jambs in which it slides, and means whereby said jambs may be forced apart to permit it to be swung.

14. In a window,the combination of a weightborne sash having beveled side rails, pivots upon which it is supported, and elasticallyyielding jambs having beveled grooves in which it slides, whereby it may wedge said jambs open when it is swung.

15. In a Window, the combination of a weightborne sash, pivots upon which it is supported and by which it is connected to the weightcords,grooved jambs in which it slides, adapted to open away from the sash to permit it to be swung, and means for forcing said pivots endwise to carry the cords out of the cordchannels.

16. In a window,the combination ofa weightborne sash, pivots upon which it is supported 1, v and to which the weight-cords are connected, .1

elastically-yielding grooved jambs in which 1 it slides, and means for forcing said pivots endwise against the jambs to open them away from the sash, and carry the cords out of the cord-channels.

17. In a window, the combination of a weightborne sash having beveled side rails, pivots upon which it is supported and to which the weight-cords are connected, elastically-yielding jambs having beveled grooves in which it slides, and means for forcing said pivots endwise against the jambs.

18. In a window, the combination with a pivot borne sash and elastically yielding grooved jambs by which it is engaged, of camlevers mounted on the side rails of the sash and acting upon its pivot-pins to force them against the jambs.

19. In a window, the combination of the pivot-borne sash, the weight-cords connected to the inner ends of its pivot-pins, the elastically-yielding grooved jambs, and the camlevers acting against the outer ends of said pins.

20. In a window, the combination with an elastically-yielding jamb spring-pressed to-,

ward the sash, of detachable stop-pins limiting its movement, whereby it may be removed from the casing when said pins are detached.

21. In a window, the combination with the jambs of the steady-pins fixed thereto and playing through the permanent casing, the springs encircling said pins between the jambs and said casing and the stop-pins passing through said jambs and removably secured to the casing.

22. In a building, the combination with a ventilating-opening, of a hinged shutter for closing said opening, spring-operated mechanism for forcibly closing said shutter, and

sedate means, including a safetyfuse, normally holding said mechanism out of action and in position to act.

23. In a building, the combination with a ventilating-opening of a hinged shutter for closing said opening, a spring arranged to forcibly close said shutter, and a safety-fuse holding against the stress of said spring.

24. In a building, the combination with a closing said opening, a spring for forcibly closing said shutter, a tie or connection normally holding said spring retracted in position for effective action, and a safety-fuse in said tie.

25. In a building, the combination with a ventilating-opening, of a hingedshutter for closing said opening, a spring for forcibly closing said shutter, a tie or connection nora spring secured to the window-casing and adapted to forcibly close said sash, and means, including a fuse, holding said spring normally retracted and in position for action, irrespective of the position of the sash.

28. In a window, the combination with a sash pivoted to swing as a casement, and with movable jambs spring-pressed toward said sash, of a spring arranged to urge said sash to a closed position, and a safety-fuse holding against the stress of said spring to prevent it from acting.

29. In a window, the combination with a sash pivoted to swing as a casement, of a spring secured to the window-casing and hav ing an arm to engage a side rail of the sash, and means, including a safety-fuse, normally holding said arm retracted and in position to serve as a rest for the sash when opened.

30. In a window, a yielding or horizontallyslidable metallic jamb formed of one strip of sheet metal bent or stamped to provide a forth.

31. In a window, a metallic jamb bent or stamped from one strip of sheet metal to provide a slide way, or ways, and lateral flanges, combined with the backing and stiffening slats, as set forth.

stamped from one strip of sheet metal into the outline shown, that is to say, with beveled guideways, and longitudinal side flanges, with plane surfaces between said flanges and guides.

33. In a window, the weight-box formed of slide way, or ways, and lateral flanges, as set 32. In a window, a metallic jamb bent or r ventilating-opening, of a hinged shutter for ICC two plates of sheet metal, one of which is bent to provide the lip, flange,anchor and reveal, as set forth, and the other of which is bent at its edges to provide longitudinal flanges, said plates being united by rivets through the lip and flanges.

34. In a window, the combination of the sheet-metal jamb having lateral flanges running longitudinally thereof, with the sheetmetal permanent casing or weight-box having longitudinal flanges of double thickness.

35. In a window, the combination of the sheet-metal jamb having lateral flanges running longitudinally thereof, the sheet-metal permanent casing having longitudinal flanges upon which the flanges of the jamb telescope, and the springs.

36. In a window, a sill formed of a single plate of sheet metal bent to afford the weatherledge and a sloping shelf, combined with a reinforcing-backing beneath the shelf.

37. In a window-sash, the side rails, each formed of a single strip of metal bent to provide the cord-channels and a seat for the light, and with a rentering fold to afiord a socket for the fastening-clips.

38. In a window-sash, the side rails, each formed of a single strip of sheet metal stamped and bent to provide the beveled slides, cordchannels, and a seat for the light, and with a reenterin g fold for the reception of fasteningclips.

39. In a window-sash, the lateral and horizontal rails thereof, each formed of a single strip of sheet metal stamped and bent into the outline of the body of the rail, with a seat for the light and an insetting fold for the reception of fastening-clips, and united at its edges, said rails being joined to each other along'the cornerseams as set forth.

40. In a window-sash, the lateral and horizontal rails thereof, each formed of a single strip of sheet metal stamped and bent into the outline of the body of the rail, with a seat for the light and an insetting fold for the reception of fastening-clips, combined with angle-irons underlaid at the corner-seams, and united by riveting through said angle-irons.

41. In a window-sash a tubular metallic sashframe having an insetting socket, or sockets, along the pane-seat, in combination with spring-clips taking into said socket and confining the pane.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN HORSFIELD. Witnesses:

- G. S. NOBLE,

J. BUEHLER. 

